Moreover, particularly vulnerable people are often arrested, jailed, and released repeatedly, and these individuals have high levels of need for community-based supports rather than punishment. We decided to include jail releases here because while many people who go to jail are released quickly, others languish behind bars for months, often without being convicted or sentenced. Often, conversations about reentry focus on people released from prisons rather than jails, because people in prison are generally confined for much longer than people in jail and because felony convictions make finding housing and employment particularly difficult. In 2019, 1,717 people were released from BOP custody to D.C. are included in the Federal (BOP) data in the table above however, the BOP also publishes state-specific release information for every month since January 1992 on its website. Releases of individuals from the federal system to D.C. prison releases: The District’s prison population is part of the federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) system. For more details, see the original sources linked above. Alaska is a partial exception among these states, because there are still 14 locally operated jails that report data separately from the unified system. For that reason, the population released from “jails” (i.e., people detained pretrial or serving sentences of 1 year or less) is marked as “N/A” in the jail releases column above. But “jail” data is not readily available in six states – Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Rhode Island, and Vermont – because those states operate combined or “unified” prison and jail systems, and the “jail” portion of those systems is not represented in the relevant national Bureau of Justice Statistics data collections. Note that in most states, jails and prisons are operated by distinct systems, with local city or county authorities operating jails and state correctional agencies operating prisons. Local jail data were weighted and aggregated to the state level by the Prison Policy Initiative. ![]() Deaths in prison, which are generally included in prison release data, were excluded from state release totals to better reflect the “reentry” population. Releases from prisons and jails in 2019, by state or other jurisdiction Bureau of Justice Statistics sources: 2019 National Prisoner Statistics (for prisons) and 2019 Census of Jails (for jails). To aid those who need these statistics to make the case for devoting more resources to reentry services, or simply wish to understand the scale of reentry in their state, we compiled the most recent available Bureau of Justice Statistics data about releases from both prisons and jails, by state: This map doesn’t include people who are released from local jails, which experience much higher rates of population turnover (sometimes referred to as “jail churn”) due to shorter average length of stay. In fact, the annual data collected by the federal government about local jails (the Annual Survey of Jails) cannot generally be broken down by state only the more infrequently-collected Census of Jails data can be used to make state-level findings.Īnnual releases from state and federal prisons as of 2019. While these are numbers you might expect would be easy to find, they aren’t published regularly in annual reports on prison and jail populations by the Bureau of Justice Statistics. ![]() Since that publication, journalists, advocates, and service providers have reached out asking about the total number of people released from prisons and jails in their state each year. In 2019, we wrote about the extreme gap between needed and available reentry services for women, who report a higher need for services than men, but who are frequently overlooked in reentry programs targeted at the much larger population of incarcerated men. The service gaps between these predictable needs and the resources available to people in the critical time period following release contributes directly to both early deaths and the cycle of re-incarceration (“recidivism”) for far too many people. People returning to their communities from even relatively short periods of incarceration often have acute needs related to health, employment, housing, education, family reunification, and social supports – not to mention challenges obtaining essential documents like birth certificates, Social Security cards, and driver’s licenses or other identification. The key role of reentry programs and services in the success of people released from prisons and jails cannot be overstated. ![]() Since you asked: How many people are released from each state’s prisons and jails every year? The number of people going through reentry each year vastly exceeds the resources available to them in most communities.
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